Paper-pulp shredder



Oct. 7 1924..

'W. F. HUSSEY Y PAPER PULP SHREDDER Filed Jan. 20, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet l II I ILIl IIIIIIII IIIII II IIIIIIIIII IIIIMI II. I IIIII I IIIIIIIIII IIIII IIIIIIIIII-II Sw mmm 'lr Zz k, I LIE I Get. 7 i924.

1,510,782l VV. F. HUSSEY y PAPER PULP SHREDDER Filed dan. 20. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 7 1924.

W. F. HUSSEY PAPER PULP SHREDDER 4 shets-sheet s Filed Jan.

Uct. 7 1924.

W. F. HUSSEY PAPER PULP SHREDDER 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented @et 7, 1924i.

arenas WILLIAM F. HUSSEY, 0F WATERVILLE, .MAINE ASSIGNOR- T0` WATERVILLE IRON: I

WORKS, OF WATERVILLE, MAINE, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

PAPER-PULP SHREDDER.

Application led January 20, 1923. Serial No. 613,852.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM F. HUssnY, a citizen of the United States of America,

and resident of Waterville, in the county of4 Kennebec and State of Maine, have invented new and useful Improvements` in Paper- Pulp Shredders, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to mechanism useful in the manufacture of paper and relates more particularly to means for shredding paper pulp, whether wet or inthe form of dry sheets, preparatory to its introduction into the beating machine of the paper making apparatus.

When wood pulp is shipped from the pulp mill to the paper manufacturer in a moist state, its disintegration for use in paper making is a comparatively easy matter, but by reason of increased costs of handling and transportation it is now common for the pulp manufacturer to form the stock into thick, paper-like sheets which are then de-hydrated for shipment to the paper-mill in rolls or packages of convenient size. Such dry sheets, however, must be sub-divided by the paper manufacturer prior to" introduction into the. beating machine, but by reason of the density and toughness` of the dry stock great diiiiculty is experienced in reducing it to proper form for the action of the beaters. This is particularly true ofthe so-called Kraft'pulp which is commonly employed in the manufacture of heavy paper bags and similar articles, such Kraft pulp consisting of very long and strong fibers so that the sheets of dry pulp are exceedingly tough and resistant.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide mechanical means capable of expeditiously reducing paper stock in the form of dry sheets to a size suitable fo-r introduction into the beating machine of paper making apparatus and to a condition such that it is readily permeated by the liquid in the beating machine.

To this end the preferred mechanism comprises means for progressively feeding a sheet or sheets of the pulp material forward until the advancing edge thereof rests upon and protrudes beyond the toothed or serrated edge of a fixed cutter, and a rotating cylinder provided with projected\\ knives` moving in paths lying between the respective teeth or serrations of the fixed cutter and co-operating therewith to sever the material. Preferably the knives uponthe cyl'- inder are so arranged that adjacent knives engagel the material successively and but a relatively small number of knives are actually in engagement with the material at any one time. This arrangement of the knives resultsin the separation of the projecting edge portions of the material by a shearing action such that the point of separation moves transversely of the width of the sheet thereby greatly. reducing the amount of powerneeessary to operate the machine and lessening the stress to which the parts-are subjected when shredding tough and dry material such as the Kraft pulp above referred to. rlhe knives upon the cylinder are preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of length of the cylinder, that is to say an equal number of knives aty each side of such center 'are operative at the same time, thus balancing the ressure upon the bearings of the cylinder an avoiding any tendency to shift the material laterally. As thus arranged the material which is severed is provided with serrations along each edge so that the surface for penetration of the water in the beating machine is greatly increased over that which would be,Y provided were the edge of the strip of severed material straight. To further increase the area of the strip along its'severed edge the knives of the rotating cylinder may be arranged so as to pass the teeth of the fixed cover with some clearance. Thus instead of a clean cut, the material is partially torn so that the fibers are separated to some extent along the edge and the penetration of the water or other liquid in the beater to the interior of the strip of material is greatly facilitated. A

The fixed cutter is preferably adjustable and the knives carried byv the cylinder are also adjustable and readily replaceable when worn. The cylinder is conveniently formed from a plurality of knifecarrying discs securely bolted together and mounted upon a shaft turning in anti-friction bearings and the feeding devices are so constructed as to permit the feeding of different thicknesses of material as well as to permit such feeding means to be made inoperative when desired.

- wall 2 is recessed as indicated at 5 and With-l vV-shaped teeth 8.

sheets of pulp the machine is equally adapted for disintegrating moist pulp whether in sheets or in other form.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is disclosed by way of example in the accompanying drawings in whichz Fig. 1 is a plan view of the apparatus;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation from the side opposite Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of the xed cutter;

Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sideelevation showing the liXed cutter and associated parts as illustrated in Fig. 1 but to larger scale;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary side elevation of the cylinder, some of the knives being absent.

Fig. 8 is an elevation from the right-hand end of the cylinder as viewed in Fig. 6, a part of the end plate being broken away and a portion of theV first knife supporting disc being shown in section;

Fig. 9 is a composite view showing the forward end of one of the cylinder knives to larger scale and in side elevation and in bottom plan view respectively; and

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view illustrating the shape of the strip of material severed from the sheet by the mechanism herein disclosed.

Referring to the drawings the numeral 1 indicates a supporting frame upon which is mounted an inclined feed chute having the bottom wall 2 and the side members 3, 4, respectively. At its lower end the bottom in such recess is placed a fixed bed knife or cutter 6. This' cutter, as more clearly shown in F igs. 4, 5 and 6 consists of an elongate plate of substantially uniform thickness from end to end and so disposed in the recess 5 that its upper surface forms substantially a continuation of the inclined bottom wall 2 of the chute. The lower edge of the cutter plate 6 is of serrated form having the V-shaped indentations 7 separated by the The lateral edges of the teeth 8 consist of cutter elements.l Preferably the lower parts of the teeth 8 are backed off as indicated at 9 in Fig. 5 to provide proper clearance for the material being cut. At opposite ends the cutter plate 8. is pro-A vided with projecting portions such as 1() (see Fig. 4) Brackets 11, 12 are secured at opposite sides of the frame 1, and these brackets are furnished with threaded openings for the reception of set screws 13 which bear against the outer ends of the opposite projections 10 of the cutter member 6. By relatively adjusting the set screws 13 the cut` ter plate may be moved in a longitudinal direction for adjusting the position of the teeth 8 with respect to the movable knives amores hereafter described. A pair of lugs 14, 15 project from opposite sides ofthe frame 1 and these lugs are provided with threaded openings for the reception of set screws 16 which bear against the lower edge of the end portions 10 of the cutter plate and serve for adjusting such cutter plate in a direction longitudinal of the feed chute. Other lugs 17, 18 also project from the sides of the frame 1, and these lugs are furnished with set screws 19 which bear upon the upper surface of the cutter plate 6 and serve to lock the latter in adjusted position. lf desired the cutter plate 6 may also be furnished with a series of spaced openings for the reception of locking bolts passing up through openings in the frame, such bolts serving as additional means for holding the fixed cutter plate 6 in adjusted position.

A shaft 20 is journaled in suitable bearings in the frame 1, and this shaft is provided at one end with the drive pulley 21. A pinion 22 is secured to the shaft 20, and this vpinion meshes with agear 23 carried by a shaft 24 journaled in suitable bearings in the frame 1. Upon the shaft 24 a feed roll 25 is mounted. This feed roll projects up through an opening in the lower wall 2 of the chute so that its peripheral surface projects slightly beyond the plane of such inclined wall. At the opposite side of the frame 1 the shaft 20 is provided with a sprocket wheel 26. A sprocket chain 27 en gages the wheel 26 and also engages a sprocket wheel 28 mounted upon a shaft 29 journaled in the frame 1. A pair of supporting arms 30, 31 are mounted to turn upon the shaft 29. These supporting arms are provided with journals at their free eX- tremities for the reception of a shaft 32. This shaft is provided with a sprocket wheel 33 which is driven by means of a chain 34 engaging a sprocket wheel 35 fast to the shaft 29. A second feed roll 36 is secured to the shaft 32, such feed roll preferably having a luted surface and normally coopn erating with the lower roll 25 for feeding sheet material downwardly along the chute. Ordinarily the weight of the roll 36 will be found sufficient to provide the' desired feeding pressure between the upper and lower rolls although if additional pressure were found necessary such pressure could easily be secured by the provision of springs or weights tending to swing the arms 30, 31 downwardly abontthe axis of shaft 29..

A shaft 37 extends transversely across the frame 1 and this shaft is provided near opposite sides of thc frame with arms 38, 39 respectively ,provided with rolls 40, 41 near their free'extremities. 'lhese rolls are arriu'iged respectively in the vertical planes of the arms 30'and 3l and normally contact therewith. A pair of actuating arms 42, 43 are secured to the shaft 37, and these arms are provided with handles at their upper ends by means of which they may be manipulated. By swinging these arms downwardly the arms 30, 31 supporting the upper roll -are raised thus throwing the upper roll out of operative relation to the lower roll so as to facilitate the entrance of material .between the rolls. Under some circumstances the operation of thefeed rolls may be undesirable and may be dispensed with by manipulation of the arms 42,' 43 as just described. Y

A bed frame 44 is secured to the frame 1 in any desired manner and this bed frame is provided with oppositely disposed antifriction journal bearings 45, 46 within which a shaft 47 i s mounted to turn. The shaft 47 extends beyond the bearing 45 and constitutes a drive pulley with which a belt 48 engages. If desired the end of the shaft 47` may be provideclawith a guard disc 47L to prevent slipping of the belt therefrom. The belt 48 passes about the periphery of the drive pulley 21 and serves to impart movement thereto. This belt 48 is. preferably slackand may be operatively tensioned by means of a 'tension pulley 49 mounted upon a shaft 50 carried by an arm 51. The arm 51 is secured to a shaft 52 which' extends transversely across the frame 1, being mounted in bearings therein. Near opposite ends of this shaft, arms 53, 54 are secured thereto and these arms are provided with handles at their up er ends whereby the shaft 52 may be turned? By turning this shaft the supporting arm 51 may be rocked, thereby lifting the tension pulley 49 from the belt 48, permitting the latter to become so slack that it ceases to drive the pulley 21 and the shaft 20. By thus slackening the belt the operation of the feed rolls may be stopped. The opposite end of the shaftl 47 projects beyond the bearing 46 and is pro* vided with a 'drive pulley 55 for the reception of a belt driven from any suitable source of power.

A disc 56 (Figs. 7 and 8) is mounted upon. the shaft 47 at a point just within the bearing 45. Preferably this disc is shrunk on to the shaft so as to bel securely fixed thereto. A series of knife carrying discs 57 of like diameter are mounted in juxtaposed relationship upon the shaft 47 and between the end disc v57 and a second end disc 58 mounted upon the shaft 47 just within the bearing 46. The disc 58 is preferably secured in position by means of a nut 59 engaging a screw threaded portion of the shaft 47. By tightening this nut the several discs 57 may be,

securely clamped together. Bolts such as 60 extend longitudinally through the 'several ldiscs 57 and the end discs 56 and 58 and provide additional means for uniting they several discs into a unitary cylinder. p

Each of the discs 57 is provided with a plurality of recesses in its opposite faces( These recesses extend substantially parallel to tangents to the peripheral surface of the respective discs thus in effect defining chords of the disc, and are open at one end 'at the peripheral surface of the disc. In Fig. 8 one of such recesses is indicated at 61 and the points at which such recesses open at the circumference of the disc are indicated for example at 62. These recesses preferably do not form a complete chord but terminate ata point substantially in a diametral plane of the disc, but from the inner ends of each recess, an opening of small diameter, such as indicated at 62, may extend outwardly to theperipheral surface of the disc.' The recesses are preferably of substantially rectangular cross Asection as indicated in Fig. 7 and serve for the reception of knives 63. These knives are also of rectangular cross section and are arranged to` project beyond the peripheral surface of the disc in which they are mounted. The projecting portion of each knife is of substantial V shape as indicated in Fig. 9,v providing the cutting edges 64, 65. 'lhe end surfaces of the knives are preferably backed off. providing the inclinedfaces 66, 67 which intersect v are provided -in each face of each disc, the

several recesses in. each face being spaced at equal distances circumferentially of the disc and the recesses in opposite faces alternating with one another in position. These recesses are open at that. -side of the disc in which they are formed but the` knives are prevented from escaping la-terally therefrom by engagement with an un recessed portion of the next adjacent disc. TheA openings 62 which form extensions of y therecesses areprovided to permit the admission of a driving pin for removing the knives from the recesses when it is desired to take them out for grinding or replacement. i

As indicated in Fig. 7 the severalrdiscs 57 are so disposed that the knives 63 extend in helical series about the peripheral surface of the -cylindrical support. Preferably also the discs are so arranged that the series of knives extend in opposite dire-ctions from va point substantially central of the length o-f the knife supporting cylinder.

In 7 the knives of one of such series 130 the knives the cutting action of the knivesI in a series is progressivesothat the material is severed by a shear cut. As the series of knives are disposed symmetrically with relation to the central point of the cylinder, the shearing action progresses in opposite directions fro-m such central point soI there is no unbalanced face tending to move the sheet of material laterally under the action of the cutting elements.

Preferably the cylindrical support forthe knives is encased in the housing comprising members 73, 74 (Fig. 2) and this housing is provided with a discharge opening at 7 5. As the sheets of material are fed down along the lower wall 2 of the chute they are gripped by the feed rolls and moved forwardly until their advancing edges project over and beyond the serrated edge of the fixed cutter 6. The knives G3 carried by the revolving cylinder describe paths defining planes which preferably substantially bisect the indentations 7 in the fixed cutter, suitable clearance being provided between the knives 63 and the teeth 8. As the lmives 63 pass the plane of the cutter plate. they sever the projecting lower edge of the sheet material from the main body of the latter thus producing strips 7G of serrated or zigzagform such as shown in F ig. 9. Preferably the fixed cutter is iso adjusted that a substantial clearance is prolvided between the teeth 8 and the moving knives so; that instead of a clean: cut a ragged or4 torn edge is formed upon the strip which is' severed from the sheet material, sucht torn or ragged edge facilitating the absorption of water during the: beating operation.. Whilesuch a-combined cuitting and tearing action is preferred itr is evident that by proper setting of the kniives 63 and the lixefl. 6 a substantially smooth shearing action may be obtained.,

Vhilefas herein shown the teeth 8 prozeviding the fixed cutter elements are int'e-v grally united, it is clear that they might. be formed as separate members suitably se'-v cured in position, while it is also clear that the knives 63 might; be supported in other' manner than that herein disclosed. lt claim:

1. Apparatus for use in shredding paper stock comprising a fixed cutter having a serrated edge, means for moving the stock to cause its advancing edge to project over the edge of the cutter, land a rotary cylinder' provided with a seriesof knives projecting from its peripheral surface, said series extending helically along said surface, the several knives of the series co-operating successively with the serrations of the fixed cutter to remove a Zig-zag strip from the main body of the stock.

2. Apparatus for shredding paper stock in sheet form comprising a: series of fixed cutter elements collectively forming a serrated cutting edge, means for moving a sheet of the -material over said'elements to cause its advancing edge portion to project beyond said serrated'edge, anda helical series of movable knives arranged to move along paths passing through the respective indentations of said serrated edge, said knives being arranged successively to engage the sheet of material to remove the projecting edge portion thereof by a Zig-zag shear cut progressing transversely of thewidth of the material.

3. Apparatus of the class described somprising a fixed cutter having a serratedA edge consisting of V-shaped teeth separated by ll-shaped indentations, a helical series of movable knives having V-shaped cutting edges, and means for moving the respective knives of said series successively through successive indentations of said fixed cutter;

4. Apparatus of the class described comparallel to the plane of said edge, and a helical series of knives extending axially ofV the cylinder from its center substantially to its end and cooperable with said fixed cutter, the knives of said series being so disposed peripherally of the cylinder as successively to approach the plane Jof the'fixed cutter when the-cylinder is rotated'.

5'. Apparatus for shredding sheet material comprisinga series of fixed cutter elements disposed in: the same plane, a rotary cylinder turning; about' an `axis substantially parallelv to the: plane of said cutter elements, and two oppositely extending helical series of spaced knife elements protruding from the peripheral surface of the cylinder and cooperating` said` fixed cutter elements for Severin-gj the material by a shear cut progressingin opposite directions axially 'of the cylinder;N

6. Apparatus of the class described comprising a fixed cutter' and a rotary cylinder, sai'd. cylinderV having4 two helically extending series of knivesy protruding from its surface, said?. series extending oppositely and interseating at a point substantially midway the length of the cylinder.

T.. Apparatus`4 of the class described comprising a fixed cutter having a serrated edge and means cooperating therewith to produce a shear cut progressing Tin opposite directions from the` center of said fixed cutter toward its opposite ends.`

8. Apparatus for shredding paper stock comprising a fixed cutter having a serrated edge, a plurality of movable cutting ele- -ments, and means for moving said movable elements into cooperative relationship to said fixed. cutter to produce a shear cut progressing in opposite directions from the center of the fixed cutter.

9. Apparatus of the class described comprising a rotating cylinder, tivo helically extending series of knives carried thereby, said series intersecting substantially at the center of length of the cylinder and extending symmetrically in opposite directions therefrom, and means for supporting material to be cut in position for engage-ment byv said knives.

10. -Apparatus of the class described comprising a rotary cylinder, helical series of knives mounted thereon, said series being arranged in tivo groups, the fseries of one group extending oppositely to the series of the other group, corresponding knives of the series of 'each group! being disposed symmetrically as respects the center of length of the cylinder, and means for holding material to be cut in position for engagement by said knives.

11. Apparatus for shredding sheet material comprising a cylinder having a plurality of peripherally spaced helically extending series of knives protruding from its surface, and other and oppositely extending series of knives also protruding from the surface of the cylinder, each` of said first named series intersecting one of the latter named series at a point substantially mid- Way of the length of the cylinder. v

12. A cylindrical cutter support for a paperstock shredder comprising a series of discs secured in face to face engagement, each of said discs having a recess in its face` and a knife clamped Within said recess.

13. A cylindricall cutter support for a paper stock shredder comprising a series of discs each having a chord-like recess in one face thereof, a cutter seated in said recess with its operative extremity protruding peripherally from. the disc, means for securin said cutter in the recess, and means securing the discs together in coaxial alignment.

14. A cylindrical cutter support comprising a series of coaxial discs each having a lmife holding recess in one of its faces, and a knife seated in such recess, each disc having an opening extending from the inner end of its respective recess to its peripheral surface, said opening providing for the insertion of a tool for forcing the knife out of the recess.

15; A knife sup-porting cylinder for pulp Shredders comprisin aplurality of coaxial discs, each disc having a recess in its opposite faces for the reception of cutters, and means for securing a. cutter in each recess.

16. A knife supporting cylinder for pulp Shredders comprisin a knife supporting disc having a plurality of recesses in each of its opposite faces, the recesses in each face being equally spaced and recesses in one face alternating With those inthe other, and means for securing a knife in each of said recesses.

17. A cylindrical cutter support comprising a series of coaxial discs each having a plurality of symmetrically spaced chord-like recesses in one of its faces, a cutter seated in each recess, and means for securing each cutter Within its respective recess.

18. A cylindrical cutter support for a paper stock shredder comprising a series of coaxial discs, and means for holding said discs in face to face engagement, each of said discs having an elongate recess in one lface opening at its peripheral edge, a cutter seated Within said recess and held against lateral escape therefrom `by the next adjacent disc, and means for securing the cutter` against lengthwise movement in the recess.

mounted thereon` each of said discs having a cutter adjustably .secured thereto, an en disc arranged at each end of the series, a plurality of connecting elements extending through the end discs and knife carrying discs for holding them against relative movement, and means for securingI said end discs tothe shaft.

21. A cylindrical cutter support vfor a paper stock shredder comprising a series of juxtaposed `discs, knives carried by said discs, a shaft upon Which the discs are fix' edly mounted, means for supporting paper stock in the path of movement of sai knives, and antifriction bearings for supporting opposite ends of said shaft.

22. Apparatus for shredding paper stock comprising a rotary cylinder having helically extending series of spaced knives protruding from its peripheral surface, a normally fixed cutter arranged substantially parallel to the axis of the cylinder and having elements (inoperable With said knives for cutting the paper stock, and means for adiusting' the cutter in a longitudinal direction.

23. Apparatus for shredding sheet material comprising an inclined feed chute, a fixed cutter arranged at the lower end of said chute With its upper face substantialllt7 in the plane of the bottom of the chute.y said cutter having a serrated cutting edge. and a plurality of knives movable past the plane of thev fixed cutter successively and cooperable lespectively With successive serrations of said edge for severing zig-zag portions from the advancing edge of a sheet of material moving down its chute.

'24. Apparatus for shredding dry paper stock in sheet formcomprsing a feed chute terminating in a serrated cutter, a rotating cylinder having helically extending series of knives cooperating with the serrated cutter, a pair of feed rolls for moving sheet material along the feed chute toward the serrated cutter, one of said rollsbeing movable toward and from the other, and means for driving; each of said rolls in all positions thereof.

Signed by me at Waterville, Maine, this sixteenth day of January, 1923.

WILLIAM F. HUSSE Y. 

